{"id":37942,"date":"2026-10-30T08:30:00","date_gmt":"2026-10-30T06:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kpw.law\/?p=37942"},"modified":"2026-10-30T11:22:06","modified_gmt":"2026-10-30T09:22:06","slug":"notice-regarding-removed-reviews","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kpw.law\/en\/notice-regarding-removed-reviews\/","title":{"rendered":"Notice Regarding Removed Reviews"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignfull v4-pattern-hero v4-pattern-hero--post is-style-background-blend is-style-arrow has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-cover alignfull is-light v4-pattern-hero__cover\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--80);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--80);min-height:75vh;aspect-ratio:unset;\"><img data-dominant-color=\"bda25a\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" sizes=\"auto, 100vw\" class=\"wp-block-cover__image-background wp-image-37940 size-large not-transparent\" alt=\"Hinweis auf entfernte Bewertungen im Unternehmensprofil, Bewertungsportal, Pers\u00f6nlichkeitsrecht, Rechtsanwalt\" src=\"https:\/\/kpw.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/Hinweis-auf-entfernte-Bewertungen-1024x576.avif\" style=\"--dominant-color: #bda25a; object-position:51% 76%\" data-object-fit=\"cover\" data-object-position=\"51% 76%\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kpw.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/Hinweis-auf-entfernte-Bewertungen-1024x576.avif 1024w, https:\/\/kpw.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/Hinweis-auf-entfernte-Bewertungen-300x169.avif 300w, https:\/\/kpw.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/Hinweis-auf-entfernte-Bewertungen-768x432.avif 768w, https:\/\/kpw.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/Hinweis-auf-entfernte-Bewertungen-1536x864.avif 1536w, https:\/\/kpw.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/Hinweis-auf-entfernte-Bewertungen-2048x1152.avif 2048w\" \/><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-cover__background has-base-background-color has-background-dim-0 has-background-dim\"><\/span><div class=\"wp-block-cover__inner-container has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-cover-is-layout-constrained\">\n<div style=\"height:5em\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide has-global-padding is-content-justification-left is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-97ba1214 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--80);padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60)\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-a6a2a725 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\r\n<h1 id=\"multirow-headline-block_eff1c700ef8984d385f21719d1464d79\" class=\"wp-block-visual4-multirow-headline\">\r\n    <div class=\"wp-block-visual4-multirow-headline\">\n\n<p class=\"has-gigantic-font-size wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0%;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;font-style:normal;font-weight:1000;line-height:1;text-transform:uppercase\">Notice<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left has-huge-font-size wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:15%;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;font-style:normal;font-weight:1000;line-height:1;text-transform:uppercase\">regarding removed<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-gigantic-font-size wp-elements-1 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0%;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;font-style:normal;font-weight:1000;line-height:1;text-transform:uppercase\"><span class=\"v4-marker-highlight-background\">reviews<\/span>.<\/p>\n\n<\/div> \r\n<\/h1>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-small-font-size is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-878d3859 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);margin-bottom:0;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;font-style:italic;font-weight:300;text-transform:uppercase\"><div style=\"font-style:italic;font-weight:300;text-transform:uppercase\" class=\"wp-block-post-date has-small-font-size\"><time datetime=\"2026-10-30T08:30:00+02:00\">30. October 2026<\/time><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">by<\/p>\n\n\n<div style=\"font-style:italic;font-weight:600\" class=\"wp-block-post-author-name\">Clemens Pfitzer<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide has-global-padding is-content-justification-left is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-3b99a472 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Anyone who has fake reviews deleted may soon see a note on their profile indicating that reviews have been removed. Is a review site allowed to make such deletions public and, furthermore, label them as complaints of defamation?<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Three Complaints and a Notice<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A law firm was listed with a business profile on a review site. According to the firm, three reviews did not come from clients but from people who had never used its services. The firm filed a complaint with the site regarding each review. The operator deleted the three reviews.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">After that, a new notice appeared in the profile under the \u201cReviews\u201d tab. It read, \u201cTwo to five reviews removed due to complaints of defamation.\u201d Clicking the \u201cDetails\u201d button opened a window with similar text. From there, a link led to a help page with explanations of German law.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The decision does not name the portal operator. However, the headline and introductory sentence of the help page reproduced there match those of the Google Maps help page. According to this help page, Google only counts distances from the last 365 days. The number is always given as a range, such as \u201csix to ten.\u201d Restored reviews are excluded. The notice is not intended to affect the profile\u2019s ranking.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What the law firm sought to achieve<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The law firm felt that there had been an infringement on its right to privacy and filed a motion for a preliminary injunction\u2014that is, an emergency court order. The term \u201cdefamation\u201d gave the false impression that clients had insulted the firm in their reviews. In fact, the deletion was based solely on the lack of client contact. Furthermore, the statement could raise the suspicion that the firm takes action against critical voices without cause. The operator is not permitted to make such internal matters public.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Munich Higher Regional Court dismisses the appeal<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Regional Court dismissed the motion. The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gesetze-bayern.de\/Content\/Document\/Y-300-Z-BECKRS-B-2026-N-24606?hl=true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Munich Higher Regional Court, in its decision of September 21, 2026\u2014Case No. 18 W 839\/26 Pre e\u2014<\/a> upheld this ruling and dismissed the law firm\u2019s immediate appeal. The court examined claims based on the <a href=\"https:\/\/kpw.law\/en\/fields-of-law\/data-protection-law\/\">General Data Protection Regulation<\/a>, the general right of personality, and the Digital Services Act. It rejected all of them. In its view, the <a href=\"https:\/\/kpw.law\/en\/rechtsgebiet\/competition-law\/\" data-type=\"rechtsgebiet\" data-id=\"197\">Unfair Competition Act<\/a> was also of no help, even though the law firm had not invoked it at all.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Is the statement about deleted reviews true?<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The court considers the statement to be accurate. The law firm itself had objected to three reviews, and the operator subsequently deleted them. The statement \u201ctwo to five\u201d is therefore correct.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The court also ruled against the law firm regarding the dispute over the term \u201cdefamation.\u201d The linked help page explicitly states that a complaint about a lack of client contact also falls under this term. This classification is consistent with common usage. Defamation essentially means disparagement. A negative review without customer contact can be just as disparaging as a review containing false facts.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Legally, the court classifies the statement as an expression of opinion with a true factual basis. Classifying it as defamation is a matter of the operator\u2019s judgment. The core of the statement\u2014that reviews were removed following complaints\u2014is, however, true. Furthermore, an average reader would understand the term as a collective term. The reader would not conclude from this that real customers had insulted the law firm.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Why does the interest in transparency prevail?<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In weighing the interests, the court balances the interests of both sides. The operator is permitted to disclose its review and removal practices and to point out potential biases. Users have an interest in authentic reviews. They can compare the number of removals to the total number of reviews or compare multiple providers.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">On the other hand, there is the law firm\u2019s interest in not making its actions against reviews public. However, this affects only its professional activities. Anyone operating as a business must accept public scrutiny. The neutral wording is decisive for the court.<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group v4-pattern-general-quote-box has-kpw-blue-background-color has-background has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60)\">\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\" style=\"padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--70);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--70)\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The factual note, which becomes visible to the user only when he or she clicks on the \u201cReviews\u201d tab, contains no criticism of the petitioner\u2019s conduct.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If a reader nevertheless concludes that the company is taking action even against legitimate criticism, that must be accepted. The notice itself does not make such a claim. There is no question of internal business operations. The law firm contacted the portal on its own initiative, and the operator obtained the information lawfully.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Does the Digital Services Act help in this regard?<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">No. The Digital Services Act\u2014that is, the European regulation on digital services\u2014requires hosting services to implement a reporting and takedown procedure for illegal content. However, in the court\u2019s view, it does not establish a separate right to have content removed. Furthermore, the notice did not come from a user, but from the operator itself. The regulation does not contain a prohibition on informing users about the removal of reported content.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How does this decision fit into the broader context?<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Munich Higher Regional Court is not alone in its ruling. The <a href=\"https:\/\/nrwe.justiz.nrw.de\/olgs\/koeln\/j2026\/15_W_55_26_Beschluss_20260612.html\">Higher Regional Court of Cologne, in its ruling of June 12, 2026\u2014Case No. 15 W 55\/26<\/a> \u2014had already approved a similar notice in the profile of a medical practice. That case involved six to ten removed reviews. This decision was also issued in summary proceedings.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">One difference lies in the legal reasoning regarding data protection. The Higher Regional Court of Cologne generally derives a claim for injunctive relief from the right to erasure under Article 17 of the GDPR. The Munich Higher Regional Court expressly leaves this question open. It refers to the <a href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/EN\/TXT\/PDF\/?uri=CELEX:62023CJ0655_RES\">ECJ ruling of September 4, 2025\u2014Case No. C-655\/23 (Quirin Privatbank)<\/a>. According to that ruling, the GDPR itself does not grant a preventive right to injunctive relief, but does not preclude such a right under national law. How German courts will implement this in the future remains to be seen.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What does this mean for businesses?<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">According to these two rulings, anyone who disputes <a href=\"https:\/\/kpw.law\/themen\/bewertungen-und-bewertungsportale\/\">reviews on review sites<\/a> must expect a visible notice to be posted. This also applies to reviews that involve no customer contact. However, it is still possible to dispute a review on the grounds of a lack of customer contact. We have previously reported on <a href=\"https:\/\/kpw.law\/en\/rating-portal-must-provide-evidence-of-customer-contact\/\">how review sites can provide proof of customer contact<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Companies should therefore weigh their options before filing any complaint. A single critical but genuine review may carry less weight than a persistent request for removal. In the case of clearly fake reviews, however, there is a strong case for filing a complaint. It is helpful to clearly document the reasons for each complaint. According to the help page, a deletion is no longer counted after 365 days. A notice that has been posted once is therefore not visible indefinitely.<\/p>\n\n<h2 id=\"h-fazit\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Conclusion<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns v4-pattern-text-copy-half-col is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-f56f613f wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Munich Higher Regional Court follows the lead of the Cologne Higher Regional Court and prioritizes transparency for users over the company\u2019s interest in confidentiality. This is good news for platform operators. For companies fighting against fake reviews, it is bad news.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">We take a critical view of the classification of the term \u201cdefamation.\u201d Anyone who objects to a review on the grounds of a lack of customer contact is, at first, merely claiming not to know the author. A review can be deleted even if the author fails to provide evidence of such contact. The court itself acknowledges this. There are good reasons to doubt whether the average reader actually understands \u201cdefamation\u201d as a neutral umbrella term without reading the help page.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Added to this is an imbalance. A company that consistently has fake reviews removed receives a warning. A company that leaves them up goes unnoticed. So far, the courts have only examined\u2014in summary proceedings\u2014whether such a warning actually makes the picture more transparent or creates new distortions. A ruling on the merits of the case, and ultimately by the Federal Court of Justice (BGH), is still pending.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--80);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--80)\">\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide v4-pattern-cta-box has-secondary-background-color has-background has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-0c8cea62 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns alignwide are-vertically-aligned-top v4-pattern-cta-box__columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-71c143ff wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top v4-pattern-cta-box__columns-column is-layout-flow wp-container-core-column-is-layout-fb77afb0 wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:0;flex-basis:60%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide has-global-padding is-content-justification-right is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-1931a79c wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\r\n<div id=\"multirow-headline-block_23d60b83f3c79ac4a0c51a57efcc241f\" class=\"wp-block-visual4-multirow-headline alignwide\">\r\n    <div class=\"wp-block-visual4-multirow-headline\">\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left has-huge-font-size wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0%;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;font-style:normal;font-weight:1000;line-height:1;text-transform:uppercase\">We\u2019d be happy to<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left has-x-large-font-size wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:8%;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;font-style:normal;font-weight:1000;line-height:0.9;text-transform:uppercase\">You are welcome to<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left has-huge-font-size wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0%;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;font-style:normal;font-weight:1000;line-height:0.9;text-transform:uppercase\">Reviews!<\/p>\n\n<\/div> \r\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-9da75b5c wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30)\">\r\n\r\n<div class=\"wp-block-visual4-contact-modal__button\">\r\n            \r\n        <div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\r\n            \r\n\r\n<div class=\"wp-block-button v4-contact-modal-button is-style-fill\" style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:600\" data-form-id=\"8\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-contrast-color has-base-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-element-button\">Contact Form<\/a><\/div>\r\n\r\n        <\/div>\r\n        \r\n    <\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-style-mobile-only is-content-justification-left is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-a768b15a wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-arrow is-style-fill\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-base-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"tel:4971141019030\" style=\"padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);font-style:normal;font-weight:600\">Call now!<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top v4-pattern-cta-box__columns-column v4-pattern-cta-box__columns-column--image is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:40%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full v4-pattern-cta-box__columns-column__image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/kpw.law\/wp-content\/themes\/kpw-law\/assets\/samples\/person-cropped.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-23155\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Munich Higher Regional Court considers it permissible to request the removal of reviews on the grounds of defamation. What this means for companies that contest reviews.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4904],"tags":[5640,5311,5273,5313,6543,5277],"thema":[4997],"rechtsgebiet":[4940,5013,5012],"produkt":[],"class_list":["post-37942","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-general","tag-general-personal-rights","tag-personal-rights","tag-rating","tag-rating-portal","tag-rating-system","tag-reviews","thema-ratings-and-rating-portals","rechtsgebiet-data-protection-law","rechtsgebiet-e-commerce-en","rechtsgebiet-it-law"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.6 (Yoast SEO v28.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Removed Reviews: Note Allowed in Profile<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The Munich Higher Regional Court considers it permissible to request the removal of reviews on the grounds of defamation. 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