{"id":30858,"date":"2026-01-22T13:15:26","date_gmt":"2026-01-22T11:15:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kpw.law\/?p=30858"},"modified":"2026-04-23T10:25:40","modified_gmt":"2026-04-23T08:25:40","slug":"liability-for-ai-search-results","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kpw.law\/en\/liability-for-ai-search-results\/","title":{"rendered":"Liability for AI search results"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignfull v4-pattern-hero v4-pattern-hero--post is-style-background-blend is-style-arrow has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-cover alignfull v4-pattern-hero__cover\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--80);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--80);min-height:75vh;aspect-ratio:unset;\"><img data-dominant-color=\"1495ce\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" sizes=\"auto, 100vw\" class=\"wp-block-cover__image-background wp-image-30855 size-large not-transparent\" alt=\"Haftung von Suchmaschinenbetreibern f\u00fcr KI-generierte Suchergebnisse (AI Overviews), KI-Suche, Unterlassung, Rechtsanwalt \" src=\"https:\/\/kpw.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/Haftung-fuer-KI-Suchergebnisse-1024x576.jpg\" style=\"--dominant-color: #1495ce; object-position:32% 99%\" data-object-fit=\"cover\" data-object-position=\"32% 99%\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kpw.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/Haftung-fuer-KI-Suchergebnisse-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/kpw.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/Haftung-fuer-KI-Suchergebnisse-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/kpw.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/Haftung-fuer-KI-Suchergebnisse-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/kpw.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/Haftung-fuer-KI-Suchergebnisse-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/kpw.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/Haftung-fuer-KI-Suchergebnisse-2048x1152.jpg 2048w\" \/><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-cover__background has-base-background-color has-background-dim-0 has-background-dim\"><\/span><div class=\"wp-block-cover__inner-container has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-cover-is-layout-constrained\">\n<div style=\"height:5em\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide has-global-padding is-content-justification-left is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-1d4b5d69 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--80);padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60)\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-19e250f3 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\r\n<h1 id=\"multirow-headline-block_3aedfb76f495d1178cd576083c87f2bc\" class=\"wp-block-visual4-multirow-headline\">\r\n    <div class=\"wp-block-visual4-multirow-headline\">\n\n<p class=\"has-gigantic-font-size\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0%;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;font-style:normal;font-weight:1000;line-height:1;text-transform:uppercase\">Liability <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left has-huge-font-size\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:15%;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;font-style:normal;font-weight:1000;line-height:1;text-transform:uppercase\">for AI <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-huge-font-size wp-elements-c1b71ea94eaebcead88504d9d6932a97\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0%;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;font-style:normal;font-weight:1000;line-height:1;text-transform:uppercase\"><span class=\"v4-marker-highlight-background\">AI search<\/span>.<\/p>\n\n<\/div> \r\n<\/h1>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-small-font-size is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-76c96157 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);margin-bottom:0;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;font-style:italic;font-weight:300;text-transform:uppercase\"><div style=\"font-style:italic;font-weight:300;text-transform:uppercase;\" class=\"wp-block-post-date has-small-font-size\"><time datetime=\"2026-01-22T13:15:26+02:00\">22. January 2026<\/time><\/div>\n\n\n<p>from<\/p>\n\n\n<div style=\"font-style:italic;font-weight:600;\" class=\"wp-block-post-author-name\">Clemens Pfitzer<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide has-global-padding is-content-justification-left is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-c93ec0be wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<p><strong>Google and other search engines now display AI-generated summaries above the classic search results. What happens if these summaries contain incorrect information?   <\/strong>The Frankfurt am Main Regional Court ruled for the first time: Liability is possible in principle &#8211; but denied in the specific case because the challenged statement was not false in the overall context.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-wenn-die-ki-halluziniert-wer-tragt-die-verantwortung\">When AI hallucinates: Who is responsible?<\/h2>\n\n<p>Imagine a potential customer searching for your service offering and the AI search at the top of the results page warns of life-threatening risks that don&#8217;t even exist. A nightmare for any company. But are search engine operators actually liable for the nonsense they generate with the help of algorithms and <a href=\"https:\/\/kpw.law\/thema\/kunstliche-intelligenz-ki\/\">artificial intelligence<\/a> in the prominent &#8220;AI Overview&#8221; box? Or do Google &amp; Co. enjoy the freedom of fools when the machine &#8220;hallucinates&#8221;?   <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The new era of search results<\/h2>\n\n<p>The days when a search engine simply provided a list of links are over. With the introduction of &#8220;AI Overviews&#8221;, search engine operators generate direct answers to user questions. This is convenient for the user, but is explosive for companies: The AI summarizes information, interprets it and &#8211; here&#8217;s the catch &#8211; sometimes gets it wrong.  <\/p>\n\n<p>As these AI boxes often take up the entire screen area &#8220;above the fold&#8221; (the visible area without scrolling), the information presented there becomes the ultimate truth for the casual reader. If this is wrong, there is a risk of massive reputational damage. <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-ein-medizinischer-eingriff-und-eine-durchtrennte-wahrheit\">A medical procedure and a &#8220;severed&#8221; truth<\/h2>\n\n<p>A controversial case in the field of aesthetic surgery ended up before the Frankfurt am Main Regional Court. A medical service provider defended itself against a representation in the AI overview of the search engine giant. <\/p>\n\n<p>Streitpunkt war eine Information zu einer Penisverdickungs-Operation. Die KI behauptete in ihrer Zusammenfassung sinngem\u00e4\u00df, bei dem Eingriff werde der Penis \u201edurchtrennt\u201c. Tats\u00e4chlich wird bei dem Verfahren jedoch lediglich das Halteband durchtrennt, um eine optische Verl\u00e4ngerung zu erzielen.<\/p>\n\n<p>The medical service provider understandably saw this as a false claim that was damaging to its business and would massively deter patients, and demanded an injunction and applied for a temporary injunction.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The verdict: No preliminary injunction<\/h3>\n\n<p>The Regional Court of Frankfurt am Main dismissed the application for a temporary injunction with  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rv.hessenrecht.hessen.de\/bshe\/document\/LARE260000048\">Judgment of 10.09.2025 &#8211; Ref. 2-06 O 271\/25 <\/a>  but at the same time created important legal guidelines for the future.<\/p>\n\n<p>The court ruled in favor of the search engine operator, but not because it was untouchable per se.<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group v4-pattern-general-quote-box has-kpw-turquoise-background-color has-background has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60)\">\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\" style=\"padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--70);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--70)\">\n<p>Liability of the search engine operator for incorrect information that was generated by an artificial intelligence (AI) system before the search result is not excluded per se.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n\n<p>At the same time, however, the judges stated:<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group v4-pattern-general-quote-box has-kpw-turquoise-background-color has-background has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60)\">\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\" style=\"padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--70);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--70)\">\n<p>However, undue obstruction can be ruled out if the challenged statement is not false according to the understanding of the addressees.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-warum-die-ki-diesmal-davonkommt\">Why the AI gets away with it (this time)<\/h2>\n\n<p>The court&#8217;s reasoning is extremely informative in practice and is based on three pillars:<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-kein-freifahrtschein-fur-suchmaschinenbetreiber\">No free ride for search engine operators  <\/h3>\n\n<p>The court clarified that AI-generated content is not a legal free zone. If obvious falsehoods are spread, there may be a claim for injunctive relief. There is no immunity for the platforms&#8217; own content.  <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-der-verstandige-nutzer-liest-den-kontext\">The &#8220;intelligent user&#8221; reads the context  <\/h3>\n\n<p>In the specific case, the search engine operator was saved by the users&#8217; reading skills. The court argued that, in the overall context of the AI search, the reader understands that the organ is not amputated in the event of a &#8220;thickening&#8221;. Although the wording was imprecise, it was not misleading enough for the average user to justify an infringement of competition law.  <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-kartellrecht-amp-dma-digital-markets-act\">Antitrust law &amp; DMA (Digital Markets Act)<\/h3>\n\n<p>The service provider had also tried to argue via the Digital Markets Act (DMA). This prohibits gatekeepers (such as Google) from giving preference to their own services. However, the court did not see the AI overview as a separate &#8220;product&#8221; that competes with the plaintiff&#8217;s website, but as an integral part of the search. The AI does not direct the user to a competing team of doctors from Google, but merely summarizes information.   <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-fazit\">Conclusion<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns v4-pattern-text-copy-half-col is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>The Regional Court of Frankfurt am Main has opened the door for the liability of search engine operators for AI search results, even if it has not yet been breached in this specific case. Search engine operators cannot claim that &#8220;the AI did it&#8221;.   <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Anyone who is massively harmed by AI hallucinations has &#8211; with the right arguments &#8211; a good chance of successfully defending themselves.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--80);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--80)\">\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide v4-pattern-cta-box has-secondary-background-color has-background has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-a7c0d175 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns alignwide are-vertically-aligned-top v4-pattern-cta-box__columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-ec2e7a44 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top v4-pattern-cta-box__columns-column is-layout-flow wp-container-core-column-is-layout-bce6ca70 wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:0;flex-basis:60%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide has-global-padding is-content-justification-right is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-5c12a1d1 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\r\n<div id=\"multirow-headline-block_4225e4a6c4a1854d070f7ca9acc369a2\" class=\"wp-block-visual4-multirow-headline alignwide\">\r\n    <div class=\"wp-block-visual4-multirow-headline\">\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left has-huge-font-size\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0%;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;font-style:normal;font-weight:1000;line-height:1;text-transform:uppercase\">We are happy to<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left has-x-large-font-size\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:8%;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;font-style:normal;font-weight:1000;line-height:0.9;text-transform:uppercase\">advise you about<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left has-huge-font-size\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0%;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;font-style:normal;font-weight:1000;line-height:0.9;text-transform:uppercase\">AI!<\/p>\n\n<\/div> \r\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-5c3c14bb wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30)\">\r\n\r\n<div 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style=\"padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);font-style:normal;font-weight:600\">Call now!<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top v4-pattern-cta-box__columns-column v4-pattern-cta-box__columns-column--image is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:40%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full v4-pattern-cta-box__columns-column__image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/kpw.law\/wp-content\/themes\/kpw-law\/assets\/samples\/person-cropped.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-23155\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Regional Court of Frankfurt am Main has ruled for the first time on the liability of search engine operators for AI-generated search results (AI overviews).  <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4904,1],"tags":[5293,6077,6078,5726,6075,6076],"thema":[5094],"rechtsgebiet":[4987,5012],"produkt":[],"class_list":["post-30858","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-general","category-unkategorisiert","tag-ai","tag-ai-search","tag-dma","tag-kuenstliche-intelligenz-en","tag-search-engine","tag-search-engine-operator","thema-artificial-intelligence-ai","rechtsgebiet-competition-law","rechtsgebiet-it-law"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.3 (Yoast SEO v27.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Liability for AI search results<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The Regional Court of Frankfurt am Main has ruled 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