{"id":29473,"date":"2021-03-04T08:13:31","date_gmt":"2021-03-04T06:13:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kpw.law\/morbier-cheese-the-scope-of-protection-of-a-protected-designation-of-origin\/"},"modified":"2025-11-10T23:23:19","modified_gmt":"2025-11-10T21:23:19","slug":"morbier-cheese-the-scope-of-protection-of-a-protected-designation-of-origin","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kpw.law\/en\/morbier-cheese-the-scope-of-protection-of-a-protected-designation-of-origin\/","title":{"rendered":"Morbier cheese &#8211; The scope of protection of a protected designation of origin"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignfull v4-pattern-hero v4-pattern-hero--post is-style-background-blend is-style-arrow has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-cover alignfull is-light v4-pattern-hero__cover\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--80);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--80);min-height:75vh;aspect-ratio:unset;\"><img data-dominant-color=\"70bdbf\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #70bdbf;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" sizes=\"auto, 100vw\" class=\"wp-block-cover__image-background wp-image-29470 size-large not-transparent\" alt=\"Alles K\u00e4se? Zum Schutz einer geografischen Ursprungsbezeichnung, Markenrecht, Wettbewerbsrecht, Lebensmittel, Rechtsanwalt\" src=\"https:\/\/kpw.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/Alles-Kaese-zum-Schutz-einer-geografischen-Ursprungsbezeichnung-1024x576.jpg\" data-object-fit=\"cover\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kpw.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/Alles-Kaese-zum-Schutz-einer-geografischen-Ursprungsbezeichnung-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/kpw.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/Alles-Kaese-zum-Schutz-einer-geografischen-Ursprungsbezeichnung-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/kpw.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/Alles-Kaese-zum-Schutz-einer-geografischen-Ursprungsbezeichnung-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/kpw.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/Alles-Kaese-zum-Schutz-einer-geografischen-Ursprungsbezeichnung-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/kpw.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/Alles-Kaese-zum-Schutz-einer-geografischen-Ursprungsbezeichnung-2048x1152.jpg 2048w\" \/><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-cover__background has-base-background-color has-background-dim-0 has-background-dim\"><\/span><div class=\"wp-block-cover__inner-container has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-cover-is-layout-constrained\">\n<div style=\"height:5em\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide has-global-padding is-content-justification-left is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-1d4b5d69 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--80);padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60)\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-19e250f3 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\r\n<h1 id=\"multirow-headline-block_cbe01722f538087c5311e7b26027fe54\" class=\"wp-block-visual4-multirow-headline\">\r\n    <div class=\"wp-block-visual4-multirow-headline\">\n\n<p class=\"has-gigantic-font-size\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0%;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;font-style:normal;font-weight:1000;line-height:1;text-transform:uppercase\">Morbier cheese?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left has-huge-font-size\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:15%;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;font-style:normal;font-weight:1000;line-height:1;text-transform:uppercase\">scope of protection<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-gigantic-font-size wp-elements-383909b20e2781c242cb96712f08f945\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0%;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;font-style:normal;font-weight:1000;line-height:1;text-transform:uppercase\"><span class=\"v4-marker-highlight-background\">of a PDO<\/span><\/p>\n\n<\/div> \r\n<\/h1>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-small-font-size is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-76c96157 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);margin-bottom:0;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;font-style:italic;font-weight:300;text-transform:uppercase\"><div style=\"font-style:italic;font-weight:300;text-transform:uppercase;\" class=\"wp-block-post-date has-small-font-size\"><time datetime=\"2021-03-04T08:13:31+02:00\">4. March 2021<\/time><\/div>\n\n\n<p>from<\/p>\n\n\n<div style=\"font-style:italic;font-weight:600;\" class=\"wp-block-post-author-name\">Clemens Pfitzer<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide has-global-padding is-content-justification-left is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-c93ec0be wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<p><strong>Certain foods such as fruit and vegetables, fish, meat and cheese can be protected throughout the EU as geographical indications or <span id=\"pagePrincipale\">designations of origin<\/span>. The product is characterized by the fact that it comes from a specific place, a specific region or a specific country. But what does the protection apply to? Is it limited to the product name or does it go beyond that?     <\/strong>The ECJ provides an answer.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-morbier-kase\">Morbier cheese<\/h2>\n\n<p>Morbier&#8221; is a raw milk cheese from a specific region in France. This cheese is characterized by its appearance &#8211; there is a horizontal black stripe in the middle. Since December 22, 2000, &#8220;Morbier&#8221; has had a <g id=\"gid_0\">protected designation of origin (PDO)<\/g>. This black stripe is explicitly mentioned in the description of the product.   <\/p>\n\n<p>Another French cheese producer is not based in the area for which the name &#8216;Morbier&#8217; is reserved. He sells a cheese that does not bear the name &#8220;Morbier&#8221;, but which also has a horizontal black stripe. <\/p>\n\n<p><span id=\"pagePrincipale\">The French cheese manufacturer was sued by a French association in 2013. The association is of the opinion that the defendant infringes the protected designation and acts unfairly and exploits its reputation by producing and marketing a cheese that adopts the external appearance of the product covered by the protected designation of origin &#8220;Morbier&#8221; in order to cause confusion with it and to exploit the reputation and prestige associated with it without having to comply with the specification of the designation of origin. <\/span><\/p>\n\n<p>In 2016\/2017, the action was dismissed in several instances by Paris courts on the grounds that the regulation on the protected designation of origin was not intended to <span id=\"pagePrincipale\">protect<\/span>the appearance of a product <span id=\"pagePrincipale\">or its characteristics described in the specification<\/span>, but rather its name.<span id=\"pagePrincipale\">The adoption of the appearance of a product falls under the freedom of trade and commerce.<\/span> <\/p>\n\n<p>Following an appeal, a question was referred to the ECJ for a preliminary ruling on the interpretation of the relevant regulation.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-die-entscheidung-des-eugh-zum-schutzbereich-einer-ursprungsbezeichnung\">The ECJ&#8217;s decision on the scope of protection of a <span id=\"pagePrincipale\">designation of origin<\/span><\/h2>\n\n<p>The European Court of Justice takes a different view to the Paris judges and ruled in its <a href=\"http:\/\/curia.europa.eu\/juris\/document\/document.jsf?text=&amp;docid=235711&amp;pageIndex=0&amp;doclang=DE&amp;mode=req&amp;dir=&amp;occ=first&amp;part=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">judgment of 17.12.2020 &#8211; C-490\/19<\/a> that  <span id=\"pagePrincipale\">Article 13(1) of Regulations No 510\/2006 and No 1151\/2012 must be interpreted as meaning that it does not merely prohibit the use of the registered name by a third party and that    <\/span><span id=\"pagePrincipale\">it prohibits the representation of the shape or appearance characteristic of a product covered by a registered name where such representation is likely to lead the consumer to believe that the product in question is covered by that registered name.<\/span><\/p>\n\n<p>The ECJ confirms that the purpose is not  <\/p>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group v4-pattern-general-quote-box has-kpw-blue-background-color has-background has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60)\">\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\" style=\"padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--70);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--70)\">\n<p><em>the use of manufacturing techniques or the representation of one or more characteristic properties indicated in the specification of a product <span id=\"pagePrincipale\">covered by a registered name <\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n\n<p>to prohibit a third party.  <span id=\"pagePrincipale\">However, protected designations of origin are protected in so far as they designate a product which has a specific quality or specific characteristic. Thus, the protected designation of origin and the product it covers are closely linked. <\/span><\/p>\n\n<p>If the reproduction of the shape or appearance of a product protected by a registered name, without that name appearing on the product in question or on its outer packaging, is likely to mislead the consumer as to the true origin of the product in question, this may, according to the ECJ, fall within the scope of the provision.<\/p>\n\n<p>The legal dispute is still pending before the referring French court. The ECJ&#8217;s decision on the interpretation of the regulation must now be taken into account. <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Conclusion<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns v4-pattern-text-copy-half-col is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>The protection of a protected designation of origin may not be limited to the protection of the name. A protected designation of origin can also protect against imitation of an appearance that is too similar. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--80);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--80)\">\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide v4-pattern-cta-box has-secondary-background-color has-background has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-a7c0d175 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns alignwide are-vertically-aligned-top v4-pattern-cta-box__columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-ec2e7a44 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top v4-pattern-cta-box__columns-column is-layout-flow wp-container-core-column-is-layout-bce6ca70 wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:0;flex-basis:60%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide has-global-padding is-content-justification-right is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-5c12a1d1 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\r\n<div id=\"multirow-headline-block_a706438ba76f9b74e8cef27ab8949e2c\" class=\"wp-block-visual4-multirow-headline alignwide\">\r\n    <div class=\"wp-block-visual4-multirow-headline\">\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left has-huge-font-size\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0%;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;font-style:normal;font-weight:1000;line-height:1;text-transform:uppercase\">We are happy to<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left has-x-large-font-size\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:8%;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;font-style:normal;font-weight:1000;line-height:0.9;text-transform:uppercase\">advise you about<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left has-huge-font-size\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0%;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;font-style:normal;font-weight:1000;line-height:0.9;text-transform:uppercase\">Trademark law!<\/p>\n\n<\/div> \r\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-5c3c14bb wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30)\">\r\n\r\n<div class=\"wp-block-visual4-contact-modal__button\">\r\n            \r\n        <div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\r\n            \r\n\r\n<div class=\"wp-block-button v4-contact-modal-button is-style-fill\" style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:600\" data-form-id=\"8\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-contrast-color has-base-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-element-button\">Contact form<\/a><\/div>\r\n\r\n        <\/div>\r\n        \r\n    <\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-style-mobile-only is-content-justification-left is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-fc4fd283 wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-arrow is-style-fill\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-base-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"tel:4971141019030\" style=\"padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);font-style:normal;font-weight:600\">Call now!<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top v4-pattern-cta-box__columns-column v4-pattern-cta-box__columns-column--image is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:40%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full v4-pattern-cta-box__columns-column__image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/kpw.law\/wp-content\/themes\/kpw-law\/assets\/samples\/person-cropped.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-23155\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Certain foods can be protected as geographical indications or designations of origin. What does the protection apply to? <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"single-post","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4904],"tags":[5901,5907,5566,5744,5908,5483,5906,5052,5909],"thema":[4994],"rechtsgebiet":[4987,4898],"produkt":[4983,5001,4981,4900,4902,4922,4982,5002],"class_list":["post-29473","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-general","tag-cheese","tag-designation-of-origin","tag-ecj","tag-food-en","tag-france","tag-geographical-indication-of-origin-en","tag-indication-of-origin","tag-misleading","tag-morbier","thema-food","rechtsgebiet-competition-law","rechtsgebiet-markenrecht-en","produkt-advice-on-food-law","produkt-advice-on-trademark-law","produkt-defense-against-warning-letter-under-competition-law","produkt-markenanmeldung-en","produkt-markenuberwachung-en","produkt-product-brand-piracy","produkt-prosecution-of-infringement-of-competition-law","produkt-prosecution-of-trademark-infringements"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.1 (Yoast SEO v27.1.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>All cheese? - Protection of a protected designation of origin<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Certain foods can be protected as geographical indications or designations of origin. 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