{"id":29066,"date":"2025-10-24T10:06:00","date_gmt":"2025-10-24T08:06:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kpw.law\/?p=29066"},"modified":"2026-04-03T21:48:48","modified_gmt":"2026-04-03T19:48:48","slug":"nero-champagne-vs-champagne","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kpw.law\/en\/nero-champagne-vs-champagne\/","title":{"rendered":"Nero Champagne vs. Champagne"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignfull v4-pattern-hero v4-pattern-hero--post is-style-background-blend is-style-arrow has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-cover alignfull v4-pattern-hero__cover\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--80);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--80);min-height:75vh;aspect-ratio:unset;\"><img data-dominant-color=\"b52953\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #b52953;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"585\" sizes=\"auto, 100vw\" class=\"wp-block-cover__image-background wp-image-29064 size-large not-transparent\" alt=\"Nero Champagne vs. Champagne, Marke, Markenrecht, gesch\u00fctzte Ursprungsbezeichnung, Rechtsanwalt, g.U.\" src=\"https:\/\/kpw.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/Nero-Champagne-vs-Champagne-1024x585.jpg\" data-object-fit=\"cover\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kpw.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/Nero-Champagne-vs-Champagne-1024x585.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/kpw.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/Nero-Champagne-vs-Champagne-300x171.jpg 300w, https:\/\/kpw.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/Nero-Champagne-vs-Champagne-768x439.jpg 768w, https:\/\/kpw.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/Nero-Champagne-vs-Champagne-1536x878.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/kpw.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/Nero-Champagne-vs-Champagne-2048x1170.jpg 2048w\" \/><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-cover__background has-base-background-color has-background-dim-0 has-background-dim\"><\/span><div class=\"wp-block-cover__inner-container has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-cover-is-layout-constrained\">\n<div style=\"height:5em\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide has-global-padding is-content-justification-left is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-1d4b5d69 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--80);padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60)\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-19e250f3 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\r\n<h1 id=\"multirow-headline-block_8c72cb038951c0f59895651cd5730314\" class=\"wp-block-visual4-multirow-headline\">\r\n    <div class=\"wp-block-visual4-multirow-headline\">\n\n<p style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0%;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;font-size:clamp(3.076rem, 3.076rem + ((1vw - 0.2rem) * 5.04), 6.1rem);font-style:normal;font-weight:1000;line-height:1;text-transform:uppercase\">Nero Champagne<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left has-huge-font-size\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:15%;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;font-style:normal;font-weight:1000;line-height:1;text-transform:uppercase\">vs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-gigantic-font-size wp-elements-7ae3edf7da7759aaad2f8e4d4d250963\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0%;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;font-style:normal;font-weight:1000;line-height:1;text-transform:uppercase\"><span class=\"v4-marker-highlight-background\">Champagne<\/span>.<\/p>\n\n<\/div> \r\n<\/h1>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-small-font-size is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-76c96157 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);margin-bottom:0;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;font-style:italic;font-weight:300;text-transform:uppercase\"><div style=\"font-style:italic;font-weight:300;text-transform:uppercase;\" class=\"wp-block-post-date has-small-font-size\"><time datetime=\"2025-10-24T10:06:00+02:00\">24. October 2025<\/time><\/div>\n\n\n<p>from<\/p>\n\n\n<div style=\"font-style:italic;font-weight:600;\" class=\"wp-block-post-author-name\">Clemens Pfitzer<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide has-global-padding is-content-justification-left is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-c93ec0be wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<p><strong>Can you add a sonorous suffix to a real Champagne &#8211; such as &#8220;Nero&#8221; &#8211; and then have the whole thing protected as a trademark? Or is this an impermissible exploitation of the reputation of the protected designation of origin &#8220;Champagne&#8221;? <\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-worum-geht-s\">What is it all about?<\/h2>\n\n<p>An Italian company had applied for the <a href=\"https:\/\/euipo.europa.eu\/eSearch\/#details\/trademarks\/018024731\">EU word mark &#8220;NERO CHAMPAGNE<\/a>&#8220;. The <a href=\"https:\/\/kpw.law\/en\/topics\/trademark\/\">trademark <\/a>was intended to designate sparkling wines that expressly correspond to the product specification of the <a href=\"https:\/\/kpw.law\/thema\/geschutzte-geografische-angaben\/\">protected designation of origin<\/a> Champagne, i.e. genuine Champagne. In addition, sales and promotional services relating to Champagne wines were to be offered under the trademark. The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.champagne.fr\/de\/vertiefen\/champagne-branche\/der-comite-champagne\">industry association &#8220;Comit\u00e9 Interprofessionnel du Vin de Champagne&#8221;<\/a> and the French quality authority INAO saw this as a threat to the reputation of &#8220;Champagne&#8221; and lodged an objection.   <\/p>\n\n<p>The EUIPO &#8211; the European Union Intellectual Property Office &#8211; had partially rejected the opposition. The reasoning: If the registered goods complied with the Champagne requirements anyway, the protection mechanism of the geographical indication was not affected. In other words: Anyone selling genuine Champagne is also allowed to have &#8220;Champagne&#8221; in their trademark &#8211; as long as the list of goods is restricted accordingly. The French institutions challenged this view before the General Court of the European Union (EGC).   <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-entscheidung-zu-nero-champagne\">Decision on Nero Champagne<\/h2>\n\n<p>The EGC ruled in favor of the industry association and against Nero Champagne. With  <a href=\"https:\/\/euipo.europa.eu\/eSearchCLW\/#key\/trademark\/ECJ_20250625_T-239_23_018024731\">Decision of 25.06.2025 &#8211; Ref. T-239\/23 <\/a>  the court clarified: Even if a trademark is only registered for goods that correspond to the Champagne specification, it can still infringe the special protection of the geographical indication. The decisive factor is not only the description of the goods, but also the effect of the sign on the consumer.   <\/p>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group v4-pattern-general-quote-box has-kpw-pink-background-color has-background has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60)\">\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\" style=\"padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--70);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--70)\">\n<p>It cannot be excluded a priori that the trademark applied for takes advantage of the reputation of the geographical designation of origin &#8230; although the products &#8230; comply with the specification.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n\n<p>In other words, even genuine Champagne may not be marketed in such a way that the glamorous reputation of the name &#8220;Champagne&#8221; is appropriated or distorted in a trademark. The EGC therefore annulled the decision of the Board of Appeal and upheld the opposition in its entirety. The registration of &#8220;NERO CHAMPAGNE&#8221; was refused &#8211; both for sparkling wines and for services in the areas of distribution, advertising and events.  <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Why the court ruled as it did<\/h2>\n\n<p>Das EuG wandte sich ausdr\u00fccklich gegen die vom EUIPO vertretene \u201eLimitierungstheorie\u201c. Danach sollte der Schutz der geografischen Angabe entfallen, wenn die Warenbeschreibung in der <a href=\"https:\/\/kpw.law\/dienstleistungen\/markenanmeldung-marke-erfolgreich-anmelden-rechtsanwalt-markenrecht\/\">Markenanmeldung <\/a>auf Produkte beschr\u00e4nkt wird, die exakt der Spezifikation entsprechen. Das Gericht stellte klar, dass eine solche pauschale Annahme dem System des Herkunftsschutzes widerspricht. Die Pr\u00fcfung, ob eine Marke den Ruf einer gesch\u00fctzten Angabe ausnutzt oder das Publikum irref\u00fchrt, m\u00fcsse immer konkret erfolgen.<\/p>\n\n<p>The focus was on the question of how the public understands the word combination &#8220;NERO CHAMPAGNE&#8221;. The word &#8220;Nero&#8221; is associated by Italian-speaking consumers with the meaning &#8220;black&#8221; and is also reminiscent of well-known grape varieties such as &#8220;Nero d&#8217;Avola&#8221;. This could give the impression that it is a special variant of Champagne &#8211; such as a &#8220;black&#8221; Champagne or a sparkling wine made from dark grapes. However, as the Champagne specification only recognizes white and ros\u00e9 varieties, such an idea is simply inaccurate.   <\/p>\n\n<p>The EGC therefore considered it obvious that the trademark &#8220;NERO CHAMPAGNE&#8221; could mislead consumers. In addition, the addition &#8220;Nero&#8221; in combination with &#8220;Champagne&#8221; exploited the luxurious reputation of the French cult drink. The Italian company had argued that it had a family of brands with the element &#8220;NERO&#8221; (such as &#8220;NERO GOLD&#8221;, &#8220;NERO COFFEE&#8221; etc.), which the public was familiar with and therefore could not be misleading. The court did not accept this objection: Such a family of trademarks was not sufficiently well-known to actually shape the public&#8217;s perception.   <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Significance for practice<\/h2>\n\n<p>The ruling has considerable significance beyond the individual case. It shows that the protection of geographical indications not only protects against unauthorized use by third parties, but also works within the protected area. Even those who offer &#8220;genuine&#8221; products may not use the name under trademark law in a way that could mislead the public or exploit the reputation of the indication of origin.  <\/p>\n\n<p>For trademark owners in the beverage sector, this means that merely restricting the list of goods to products with PDO status is not a carte blanche. The overall impression remains decisive. Even small semantic additions &#8211; such as color indications or allusions to grape varieties &#8211; can disturb the balance and constitute an impermissible exploitation of reputation.  <\/p>\n\n<p>Anyone offering services related to such products &#8211; such as events, advertising or retail &#8211; must also carefully check whether the chosen trademark could mislead the public about the nature or origin of the goods. This is particularly true in digital distribution, where brand names are often used as keywords or hashtags. <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-fazit\">Conclusion<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns v4-pattern-text-copy-half-col is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>&#8220;Champagne&#8221; remains a special case &#8211; and therefore particularly protected. The ruling shows impressively that even a genuine product is not automatically immune to the protection mechanism of geographical indications. The attempt to emphasize the premium character with linguistic additions can quickly be seen as an exploitation of reputation or misleading.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>With its decision, the EGC strengthens the integrity of the protection of origin and at the same time sends a clear signal to trademark applicants: Anyone working with prestige designations should not only think about the bottle, but also about trademark law.  <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--80);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--80)\">\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide v4-pattern-cta-box has-secondary-background-color has-background has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-a7c0d175 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns alignwide are-vertically-aligned-top v4-pattern-cta-box__columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-ec2e7a44 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top v4-pattern-cta-box__columns-column is-layout-flow wp-container-core-column-is-layout-bce6ca70 wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:0;flex-basis:60%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide has-global-padding is-content-justification-right is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-5c12a1d1 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\r\n<div id=\"multirow-headline-block_5312a3aed74e27612a0495b61c3659df\" class=\"wp-block-visual4-multirow-headline alignwide\">\r\n    <div class=\"wp-block-visual4-multirow-headline\">\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left has-huge-font-size\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0%;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;font-style:normal;font-weight:1000;line-height:1;text-transform:uppercase\">We are happy to<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left has-x-large-font-size\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:8%;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;font-style:normal;font-weight:1000;line-height:0.9;text-transform:uppercase\">advise you about<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left has-huge-font-size\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0%;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;font-style:normal;font-weight:1000;line-height:0.9;text-transform:uppercase\">Trademark law!<\/p>\n\n<\/div> \r\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-5c3c14bb wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30)\">\r\n\r\n<div class=\"wp-block-visual4-contact-modal__button\">\r\n            \r\n        <div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\r\n            \r\n\r\n<div class=\"wp-block-button v4-contact-modal-button is-style-fill\" style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:600\" data-form-id=\"8\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-contrast-color has-base-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-element-button\">Contact form<\/a><\/div>\r\n\r\n        <\/div>\r\n        \r\n    <\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-style-mobile-only is-content-justification-left is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-fc4fd283 wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-arrow is-style-fill\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-base-background-color has-background 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champagne?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4904],"tags":[5047,5842,5083],"thema":[4895,4897],"rechtsgebiet":[4898],"produkt":[5001,5843,4900,4901,4902,5778],"class_list":["post-29066","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-general","tag-alcoholic-beverages","tag-champagne","tag-protected-designation-of-origin","thema-marke-en","thema-markenformen-en","rechtsgebiet-markenrecht-en","produkt-advice-on-trademark-law","produkt-brand-management","produkt-markenanmeldung-en","produkt-markenrecherche-en","produkt-markenuberwachung-en","produkt-successfully-combating-trademark-infringement"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.1 (Yoast SEO v27.1.1) - 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