{"id":27600,"date":"2025-07-29T15:08:54","date_gmt":"2025-07-29T13:08:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kpw.law\/?p=27600"},"modified":"2026-04-10T11:02:08","modified_gmt":"2026-04-10T09:02:08","slug":"eur-30-million-contractual-penalty-enforceable","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kpw.law\/en\/eur-30-million-contractual-penalty-enforceable\/","title":{"rendered":"EUR 30 million contractual penalty enforceable"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignfull v4-pattern-hero v4-pattern-hero--post is-style-background-blend is-style-arrow has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-cover alignfull v4-pattern-hero__cover\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--80);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--80);min-height:75vh;aspect-ratio:unset;\"><img data-dominant-color=\"bf670c\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" sizes=\"auto, 100vw\" class=\"wp-block-cover__image-background wp-image-27562 size-large not-transparent\" alt=\"EUR 30 Mio Vertragsstrafe vollstreckbar, Markenrecht, Vertragsstrafe, Kartellrecht, Rechtsanwalt, Urteil\" src=\"https:\/\/kpw.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/EUR-30-Mio-Vertragsstrafe-vollstreckbar-1024x576.jpg\" style=\"--dominant-color: #bf670c; object-position:52% 86%\" data-object-fit=\"cover\" data-object-position=\"52% 86%\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kpw.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/EUR-30-Mio-Vertragsstrafe-vollstreckbar-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/kpw.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/EUR-30-Mio-Vertragsstrafe-vollstreckbar-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/kpw.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/EUR-30-Mio-Vertragsstrafe-vollstreckbar-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/kpw.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/EUR-30-Mio-Vertragsstrafe-vollstreckbar-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/kpw.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/EUR-30-Mio-Vertragsstrafe-vollstreckbar-2048x1152.jpg 2048w\" \/><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-cover__background has-base-background-color has-background-dim-0 has-background-dim\"><\/span><div class=\"wp-block-cover__inner-container has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-cover-is-layout-constrained\">\n<div style=\"height:5em\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide has-global-padding is-content-justification-left is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-1d4b5d69 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--80);padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60)\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-19e250f3 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\r\n<h1 id=\"multirow-headline-block_afc1a0443c3d75aaacca2f8d19ad69bd\" class=\"wp-block-visual4-multirow-headline\">\r\n    <div class=\"wp-block-visual4-multirow-headline\">\n\n<p class=\"has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-gigantic-font-size wp-elements-c61a20de87f9dcd5051504f832243701\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0%;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;font-style:normal;font-weight:1000;line-height:1;text-transform:uppercase\"><span class=\"v4-marker-highlight-background\">EUR 30 million<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left has-huge-font-size\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:15%;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;font-style:normal;font-weight:1000;line-height:1;text-transform:uppercase\">Contractual penalty<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-base-color has-text-color has-link-color has-huge-font-size wp-elements-07df94bc601163fafc1658cc4af61850\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0%;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;font-style:normal;font-weight:1000;line-height:1;text-transform:uppercase\">enforceable.<\/p>\n\n<\/div> \r\n<\/h1>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-small-font-size is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-76c96157 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);margin-bottom:0;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;font-style:italic;font-weight:300;text-transform:uppercase\"><div style=\"font-style:italic;font-weight:300;text-transform:uppercase;\" class=\"wp-block-post-date has-small-font-size\"><time datetime=\"2025-07-29T15:08:54+02:00\">29. July 2025<\/time><\/div>\n\n\n<p>from<\/p>\n\n\n<div style=\"font-style:italic;font-weight:600;\" class=\"wp-block-post-author-name\">Clemens Pfitzer<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide has-global-padding is-content-justification-left is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-c93ec0be wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<p><strong>Foreign judgments in trademark law can be expensive. <\/strong>The Higher Regional Court of Schleswig-Holstein confirms enforcement of EUR 30 million contractual penalty in a trademark dispute.  <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-hintergrund-des-falles\">Background to the case<\/h2>\n\n<p>At the heart of the proceedings were long-standing <a href=\"https:\/\/kpw.law\/rechtsgebiet\/markenrecht\/\">trademark disputes <\/a>between two companies relating to the design of jeans. The trademark owner had been involved in several disputes against a jeans manufacturer before various courts since 2006. In 2006, the parties reached an out-of-court settlement. In this settlement, the jeans manufacturer undertook, among other things, to pay a contractual penalty of EUR 50 per pair of jeans if it continued to sell jeans with the trademark owner&#8217;s protected <a href=\"https:\/\/kpw.law\/en\/topics\/trademark\/\">trademark <\/a>.   <\/p>\n\n<p>Als die Markeninhaberin im Jahr 2014 behauptete, die Jeansherstellerin habe gegen diesen Vergleich versto\u00dfen, erhob sie Klage in Belgien. Vor dem dortigen Appelationshof in Br\u00fcssel, wurde in zweiter Instanz in einem rechtskr\u00e4ftigen Zwischenurteil im September 2016 festgestellt, dass die Jeansherstellerin tats\u00e4chlich gegen die Vereinbarung versto\u00dfen hatte. Der Br\u00fcsseler Appelationshof verpflichtete sie zur Zahlung einer vorl\u00e4ufigen Entsch\u00e4digung auf Grundlage der Vertragsstrafenregelung. Die sp\u00e4tere Revision der Jeansherstellerin gegen dieses Zwischenurteil blieb erfolglos. Ein Sachverst\u00e4ndiger stellte fest, dass die Jeansherstellerin sch\u00e4tzungsweise 600.000 Hosen entgegen der Vereinbarung vertrieben hatte.<\/p>\n\n<p>In the further course of the Belgian proceedings, the jeans manufacturer complained for the first time that the settlement and the contractual penalty provision contained therein were contrary to antitrust law and applied for a referral to the European Court of Justice. The Belgian Court of Appeal in Brussels rejected these arguments, as the validity of the settlement had already been recognized in the first interim judgment. The jeans manufacturer also lodged an appeal against the final judgment of the Belgian Court of Appeal in February 2023, which ordered the jeans manufacturer to pay 30 million euros.  <\/p>\n\n<p>The trademark owner finally applied to the Regional Court of Kiel to declare this Belgian judgment enforceable in Germany. The Regional Court of Kiel granted this application. The jeans manufacturer filed an appeal against this, arguing, among other things, that domestic enforcement should not be permitted because the judgment was clearly contrary to antitrust law and violated German procedural principles.  <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-beurteilung-des-gerichts-und-entscheidungsgrunde\">Assessment of the court and reasons for the decision<\/h2>\n\n<p>The Schleswig-Holstein Higher Regional Court dismissed the jeans manufacturer&#8217;s appeal with  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gesetze-rechtsprechung.sh.juris.de\/bssh\/document\/NJRE001613228\">Decision of 30.06.2025 &#8211; Ref. 16 W 68\/24 <\/a>  back. The court found that the formal requirements for recognition had been met. The court did not see an obstacle to recognition due to a breach of &#8220;ordre public&#8221; (public policy).  <\/p>\n\n<p>A violation of public policy under procedural law, such as an infringement of the law on the right to be heard, was denied. The jeans manufacturer had the opportunity to raise its objections to the settlement before the Belgian courts. The court emphasized that the Belgian Court of Appeal had already determined the validity of the settlement in a legally binding interim judgment and was bound by this decision. The jeans manufacturer raised antitrust law arguments later in the proceedings. Under German procedural law, this can lead to preclusion.    <\/p>\n\n<p>The judges also found that the agreement did not violate antitrust law. The court concluded that a comprehensive review of the judgment for antitrust violations was not appropriate in the context of enforceability proceedings of state judgments, especially when the court of origin had to apply the same legal standard. In this case, a trademark delimitation agreement does not constitute a restriction of competition by object, as the parties had not coordinated their conduct for the purpose of interfering with the market. In addition, the restriction of competition that was brought about was not appreciable. The jeans manufacturer is not appreciably impaired if it uses other embroideries that are not similar to the protected trademark.    <\/p>\n\n<p>The court also rejected the jeans manufacturer&#8217;s argument that the agreed contractual penalty was excessive. The contractual penalty of EUR 30 million is not disproportionate to the significance of the infringement, meaning that there is no infringement of good faith or public policy. In its decision, the court took into account the Europe-wide scope of the agreement as well as the size of the jeans manufacturer with 1,200 stores in 47 countries and a turnover of several billion euros.  <\/p>\n\n<p>A stay of proceedings or making enforcement dependent on the provision of security was also rejected, as the chances of success of the jeans manufacturer&#8217;s appeal were considered to be low and the disadvantages asserted were not considered to be irreparable.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-allgemeine-auswirkungen-des-urteils\">General effects of the judgment<\/h2>\n\n<p>The judgment strengthens the principle of mutual recognition and enforcement of court decisions within the European Union, which is based on the idea of mutual trust. It makes it clear that objections under antitrust law to the validity of a settlement based on a foreign judgment are not automatically re-examined in the enforcing state if they could already be raised in the state of origin and were finally decided there. <\/p>\n\n<p>For companies that operate across borders, this means increased legal certainty when enforcing claims arising from settlements or judgments. It is crucial to raise antitrust or competition law issues early and comprehensively in court proceedings in the country of origin. It can generally be assumed that legally binding decisions, even if they involve a high contractual penalty, will be enforced in other EU states without a renewed examination of the content. This is particularly important in the area of competition law and in the case of allegations of misleading practices, such as those that can occur in the context of discounts or strike prices at online retailers such as Amazon. In such cases, the rapid and enforceable implementation of decisions is of crucial importance.    <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-fazit\">Conclusion<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns v4-pattern-text-copy-half-col is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>The ruling of the Schleswig-Holstein Higher Regional Court underlines the importance of the efficiency and coherence of judicial cooperation in the EU.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It sends a clear signal: issues that have been finally decided in a Member State, even if they involve complex aspects of antitrust law and high contractual penalties, will generally not be reopened in the enforcing state.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For companies, this means greater legal certainty and the need to comprehensively assert all relevant arguments &#8211; particularly in the area of <a href=\"https:\/\/kpw.law\/rechtsgebiet\/markenrecht\/\">trademark law <\/a>and <a href=\"https:\/\/kpw.law\/rechtsgebiet\/wettbewerbsrecht\/\">competition law<\/a> &#8211; in the original court proceedings.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--80);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--80)\">\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide v4-pattern-cta-box has-secondary-background-color has-background has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-a7c0d175 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns alignwide are-vertically-aligned-top v4-pattern-cta-box__columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-ec2e7a44 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top v4-pattern-cta-box__columns-column is-layout-flow wp-container-core-column-is-layout-bce6ca70 wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:0;flex-basis:60%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide has-global-padding is-content-justification-right is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-5c12a1d1 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\r\n<div id=\"multirow-headline-block_59881c41667d685a3df3c89e0a39b088\" class=\"wp-block-visual4-multirow-headline alignwide\">\r\n    <div class=\"wp-block-visual4-multirow-headline\">\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left has-huge-font-size\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0%;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;font-style:normal;font-weight:1000;line-height:1;text-transform:uppercase\">We are happy to<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left has-x-large-font-size\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:8%;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;font-style:normal;font-weight:1000;line-height:0.9;text-transform:uppercase\">advise you about<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left has-huge-font-size\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0%;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;font-style:normal;font-weight:1000;line-height:0.9;text-transform:uppercase\">Trademark law!<\/p>\n\n<\/div> \r\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-5c3c14bb wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30)\">\r\n\r\n<div class=\"wp-block-visual4-contact-modal__button\">\r\n            \r\n        <div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\r\n            \r\n\r\n<div class=\"wp-block-button v4-contact-modal-button is-style-fill\" style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:600\" data-form-id=\"8\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-contrast-color has-base-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-element-button\">Contact form<\/a><\/div>\r\n\r\n        <\/div>\r\n        \r\n    <\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-style-mobile-only is-content-justification-left is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-fc4fd283 wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-arrow is-style-fill\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-base-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"tel:4971141019030\" style=\"padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);font-style:normal;font-weight:600\">Call now!<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top v4-pattern-cta-box__columns-column v4-pattern-cta-box__columns-column--image is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:40%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full v4-pattern-cta-box__columns-column__image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/kpw.law\/wp-content\/themes\/kpw-law\/assets\/samples\/person-cropped.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-23155\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Background to the case At the heart of the proceedings were long-standing trademark disputes between two companies relating to the design of jeans. The trademark&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4904],"tags":[5632,5391,5630,5631],"thema":[4895],"rechtsgebiet":[4987,4923,4899,4898,4959],"produkt":[],"class_list":["post-27600","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-general","tag-abroad","tag-contractual-penalty","tag-recognition-en","tag-verdict","thema-marke-en","rechtsgebiet-competition-law","rechtsgebiet-copyright","rechtsgebiet-designrecht-en","rechtsgebiet-markenrecht-en","rechtsgebiet-patent-law"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.3 (Yoast SEO v27.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Contractual penalty in the millions for trademark infringement<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" 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