{"id":27513,"date":"2025-07-18T10:37:00","date_gmt":"2025-07-18T08:37:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kpw.law\/?p=27513"},"modified":"2026-04-02T18:17:45","modified_gmt":"2026-04-02T16:17:45","slug":"vegan-apple-leather-misleading","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kpw.law\/en\/vegan-apple-leather-misleading\/","title":{"rendered":"Vegan apple leather misleading"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignfull v4-pattern-hero v4-pattern-hero--post is-style-background-blend is-style-arrow has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-cover alignfull is-light v4-pattern-hero__cover\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--80);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--80);min-height:75vh;aspect-ratio:unset;\"><img data-dominant-color=\"8db92b\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #8db92b;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" sizes=\"auto, 100vw\" class=\"wp-block-cover__image-background wp-image-27510 size-large not-transparent\" alt=\"Veganes Apfelleder irref\u00fchrend, Wettbewerbsrecht, Rechtsanwalt\" src=\"https:\/\/kpw.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/veganes-apfelleder-irrefuehrend-1024x576.jpg\" data-object-fit=\"cover\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kpw.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/veganes-apfelleder-irrefuehrend-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/kpw.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/veganes-apfelleder-irrefuehrend-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/kpw.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/veganes-apfelleder-irrefuehrend-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/kpw.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/veganes-apfelleder-irrefuehrend-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/kpw.law\/wp-content\/uploads\/veganes-apfelleder-irrefuehrend-2048x1152.jpg 2048w\" \/><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-cover__background has-base-background-color has-background-dim-0 has-background-dim\"><\/span><div class=\"wp-block-cover__inner-container has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-cover-is-layout-constrained\">\n<div style=\"height:5em\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide has-global-padding is-content-justification-left is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-1d4b5d69 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--80);padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60)\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-19e250f3 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\r\n<h1 id=\"multirow-headline-block_15dff1e76918e54aedb4f5a2033b667b\" class=\"wp-block-visual4-multirow-headline\">\r\n    <div class=\"wp-block-visual4-multirow-headline\">\n\n<p class=\"has-huge-font-size\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0%;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;font-style:normal;font-weight:1000;line-height:1;text-transform:uppercase\">Vegan<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left has-gigantic-font-size\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:6%;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;font-style:normal;font-weight:1000;line-height:1;text-transform:uppercase\"><span class=\"v4-marker-highlight-background\">Apple leather<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-contrast-color has-text-color has-link-color has-huge-font-size wp-elements-13a53bbe23e720586df447c43eee0ca5\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0%;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;font-style:normal;font-weight:1000;line-height:1;text-transform:uppercase\">misleading.<\/p>\n\n<\/div> \r\n<\/h1>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-small-font-size is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-76c96157 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);margin-bottom:0;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;font-style:italic;font-weight:300;text-transform:uppercase\"><div style=\"font-style:italic;font-weight:300;text-transform:uppercase;\" class=\"wp-block-post-date has-small-font-size\"><time datetime=\"2025-07-18T10:37:00+02:00\">18. July 2025<\/time><\/div>\n\n\n<p>from<\/p>\n\n\n<div style=\"font-style:italic;font-weight:600;\" class=\"wp-block-post-author-name\">Clemens Pfitzer<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide has-global-padding is-content-justification-left is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-c93ec0be wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<p><strong>More and more people are interested in vegan alternatives. However, caution is required when describing vegan alternatives, as a recent case before the Higher Regional Court of Cologne shows. <\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-veganes-apfelleder\">Vegan apple leather<\/h2>\n\n<p>A company that sells dog accessories online offered blue dog collars and dog leads made from apple leather as a vegan alternative. This was an artificial product made with the addition of pomace and peel residues from the fruit juice and compote industry. If you clicked on a + symbol in the product description section, the following information was also displayed: &#8220;Material: Hexa coated with PVC\/TPU&#8221;.    <\/p>\n\n<p>An association representing the interests of the leather-producing industry saw this as misleading consumers. The association demanded that the company issue a cease-and-desist declaration. The reason for this was that the term &#8220;apple leather&#8221; gave the impression that the products were made of leather with the typical properties of this material. The association criticized the fact that the vegan composition of the material was only mentioned in the product description and could therefore easily be overlooked.   <\/p>\n\n<p>The Cologne Regional Court initially rejected the association&#8217;s application. The court&#8217;s legal opinion was that the advertising of the product was not misleading in the overall context, as a vegan substitute product was clearly being sold. The color of the collar, namely blue, as well as the term &#8220;apple leather&#8221; itself encourage the consumer to seek further information. The indication &#8220;vegan&#8221; in the product description has an informative effect.   <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-olg-koln-apfelleder-ist-irrefuhrend\">OLG Cologne: Apple leather is misleading<\/h2>\n\n<p>In its ruling of July 4, 2025 &#8211; Ref. 6 U 51\/25, the Cologne Higher Regional Court took a different view and ruled in favor of the association.   <\/p>\n\n<p>The Cologne higher regional court judges came to the conclusion that the term &#8220;apple leather&#8221; for a plastic dog collar is misleading and therefore <a href=\"https:\/\/kpw.law\/rechtsgebiet\/wettbewerbsrecht\/\">anti-competitive <\/a>. The term suggests that the product is made entirely or partially of genuine leather. This misleads consumers about the essential characteristics of the product.  <\/p>\n\n<p>The term &#8220;leather&#8221; is understood to mean a natural product that is produced by tanning animal hides and skins. The mere addition of &#8220;apple&#8221; is not sufficient to clearly indicate an alternative. The opposite is the case: road users are familiar with a large number of word combinations such as &#8220;suede&#8221; or &#8220;nubuck leather&#8221; and assume that it is a natural product. The court also pointed out that there are already vegetable-tanned types of leather such as &#8220;olive leather&#8221; or &#8220;rhubarb leather&#8221; and that a shoe supplier had already used a tanning process with apple peel and pomace for genuine leather in 2009. This could lead to the misperception that this is genuine leather, which is given a special property by the addition of &#8220;apple&#8221;.    <\/p>\n\n<p>The reference to the vegan composition in the product description does not change this. This is because it can only be found by clicking on a symbol. <\/p>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group v4-pattern-general-quote-box has-kpw-yellow-background-color has-background has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60)\">\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\" style=\"padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--70);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--70)\">\n<p>This notice is not part of the advertising message and can easily be overlooked by the average attentive consumer, especially in the case of products that are not expensive<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-fazit\">Conclusion<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns v4-pattern-text-copy-half-col is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>The ruling makes it clear that caution is required with substitute products that use established terms, otherwise there is a risk of trouble under competition law. Ambiguous or unclear terms can be misleading, especially if clarifying information is not clearly visible near the claim. Companies should therefore ensure that their product names are transparent and clearly meet consumer expectations in order to avoid cease and desist letters under competition law.    <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--80);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--80)\">\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide v4-pattern-cta-box has-secondary-background-color has-background has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-a7c0d175 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns alignwide are-vertically-aligned-top v4-pattern-cta-box__columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-ec2e7a44 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top v4-pattern-cta-box__columns-column is-layout-flow wp-container-core-column-is-layout-bce6ca70 wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:0;flex-basis:60%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide has-global-padding is-content-justification-right is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-5c12a1d1 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\r\n<div id=\"multirow-headline-block_668e542d27ea878a6321c92a0d0d939a\" class=\"wp-block-visual4-multirow-headline alignwide\">\r\n    <div class=\"wp-block-visual4-multirow-headline\">\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left has-huge-font-size\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0%;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;font-style:normal;font-weight:1000;line-height:1;text-transform:uppercase\">We are happy to<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left has-x-large-font-size\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:8%;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;font-style:normal;font-weight:1000;line-height:0.9;text-transform:uppercase\">advise you about<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0%;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;font-size:clamp(2.111rem, 2.111rem + ((1vw - 0.2rem) * 2.815), 3.8rem);font-style:normal;font-weight:1000;line-height:0.9;text-transform:uppercase\">Competition law!<\/p>\n\n<\/div> \r\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-5c3c14bb wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30)\">\r\n\r\n<div class=\"wp-block-visual4-contact-modal__button\">\r\n            \r\n        <div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\r\n            \r\n\r\n<div class=\"wp-block-button v4-contact-modal-button is-style-fill\" style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:600\" data-form-id=\"8\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-contrast-color has-base-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-element-button\">Contact form<\/a><\/div>\r\n\r\n        <\/div>\r\n        \r\n    <\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-style-mobile-only is-content-justification-left is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-fc4fd283 wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-arrow is-style-fill\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-base-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"tel:4971141019030\" style=\"padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);font-style:normal;font-weight:600\">Call now!<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top v4-pattern-cta-box__columns-column v4-pattern-cta-box__columns-column--image is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:40%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full v4-pattern-cta-box__columns-column__image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/kpw.law\/wp-content\/themes\/kpw-law\/assets\/samples\/person-cropped.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-23155\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Find out why apple leather is considered misleading. A case shows the problems behind vegan alternatives. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4904],"tags":[3551,5609,5052,5608],"thema":[],"rechtsgebiet":[4987],"produkt":[],"class_list":["post-27513","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-general","tag-irrefuehrend","tag-leather-goods","tag-misleading","tag-vegan-en-2","rechtsgebiet-competition-law"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.1 (Yoast SEO v27.1.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Apple leather: a misleading vegan product?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Find out why apple leather is considered misleading. 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